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Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a potential complication in patients with diabetes. High blood sugar levels cause damage to blood vessels in the retina, making them leaky; this may cause blood or fluid to accumulate in your retina or macula (i.e. central part of the retina). Damage to blood vessels can also obstruct them (causing lack of blood flow to retina). As a result of the latter, new abnormal blood vessels may grow on the retina. All of these complications can cause your vision to decline, often permanently if not treated promptly.
When Diabetic Retinopathy is detected early, treatment is 95% effective in preventing severe vision loss.
Diabetic Retinopathy in Adults
Adults who are diagnosed with diabetes need at least yearly eye exams with dilating eye drops, more frequently if there is evidence of diabetic retinopathy in their exam. Diabetic eye disease can be more easily managed when diagnosed early. Learn more here
Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR)
In this stage, tiny blood vessels leak as a result of diabetic damage, making the retina swell. When the macula swells, it is called macular edema. This is the most common reason why people with diabetes lose their vision.
Also with NPDR, blood vessels in the retina can close off. This is called macular ischemia. When that happens, blood cannot reach the macula and patient can lose vision.
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR):
PDR is the more advanced stage of diabetic eye disease. It happens when the retina starts growing new blood vessels. This is called neovascularization. These fragile new vessels often bleed into the eye and cause floaters or vision loss.
These new blood vessels can also form scar tissue. Scar tissue can cause problems with the macula or lead to a serious condition with pulled off, elevated (detached) retina that can only be fixed with a complex deep eye surgery called Pars Plana Vitrectomy.
02.Cataract
Inside our eyes, we have a natural lens. The lens bends (refracts) light rays that come into the eye to help us see.
03.Age-related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a problem with your retina. It happens when the central part of the retina called the macula is damaged.
04.Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a potential complication in patients with Diabetes.
05.Retina Vein Occlusion (RVO)
Arteries and veins carry blood throughout the eyes. The eye has one main artery and one main vein that each have multiple branches.
06.Floaters & Flashes
You will need a dilated eye exama if you have new onset of or changes in floater size or quantity or if you see flashes of light.
07.Retinal Tear & Detachment
The retina is the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of our eye. The retina converts the light rays into impulses that travel through the optic nerve to our brain, where they are interpreted as the images we see.
08.Macular Hole
Macular hole is when a tear or opening forms in your macula. As the hole forms, things in your central vision will look blurry, wavy or distorted.
09.Macular Pucker
Macular pucker (also knows as Epiretinal Membrane or ERM) happens when wrinkles, creases or bulges form on your macula.
10.Uveitis
Uveitis occurs when the middle layer of the eyeball gets inflamed (red and swollen). This layer, called the uvea, has many blood vessels that nourish the eye.
11.Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a disease that damages your eye’s optic nerve. It usually happens when fluid builds up in the front part of your eye.
12.Cosmetics
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Dr. Malihi
Dr. Malihi is board certified in Ophthalmology and a fellow member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), American Society of Retina Specialists (ASRS), Oregon Academy of Ophthalmology (OAO) and the American Academy of Facial Esthetics (AAFE) . He is the founder of NELSI, INC., an eye care center in Portland, Oregon.
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